Friday, April 27, 2012

Montage #53 - Violin and Cello/violon et violoncelle


As of June 1st, 2012, this montage will no longer be available on Pod-O-Matic. It can be heard or downloaded from the Internet Archive at the following address / A compter du 1er juin 2012, ce montage ne sera plus disponible en baladodiffusion Pod-O-Matic. Il peut être téléchargé ou entendu au site Internet Archive à l'adresse suivante:

http://archive.org/details/ViolinAndCello



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English Commentary – le commentaire français suit


The last of our four montages dedicated to the Brahms concertos comes to a close with Brahms’ double concerto. As I hinted to in last week’s post, this concerto was a peace offering of sorts to Brahms’ longtime friend Joseph Joachim, a friendship that had undergone a rough patch in recent years.

There really isn’t anything uncommon about the format of a concerto for two soloists per se. This formula typically involves two of the same instrument (think of the many concertos for two violins by Vivaldi and Bach, the concerti for two keyboards by Bach and Mozart, …) though there are fewer concertos for two different solo instruments. They do exist, however: Mendelssohn’s concerto for piano and violin, Mozart’s concerto for flute and harp, Shostakovich’s first piano concerto is really a concerto for piano and trumpet, many refactored concerti by Bach and Vivaldi suggest the use of violin and oboe, or violin and flute.

However, the combination of two instruments who play at two different registers (violin and cello in Brahms’ case) are much rarer, and provide a unique opportunity to exploit the orchestra “fighting off” two opponents – one at the hands, the other one at the feet!

I have read many places that the Brahms op. 102 concerto is the weakest of the bunch. I would disagree – I think it is, however, the lightest in texture of the lot.  Let’s see what you think… As an aside, I plan on looking at more double concertos later this year.

To complement this performance by Anne-Sophie Mutter and Antonio Meneses, I chose to add the Karajan reading of Brahms’ Tragic Overture which filled out the CD. Karajan is one of many “conductors of reference” when it comes to Brahms’ symphonic works, and he dispatches a crisp Tragic – nuanced and never static.

As another major piece in this montage, I chose another – quite different – piece matching the violin and cello. Maurice Ravel has written three sonatas: two for violin and piano (1897 and 1923-1927) and this third sonata for the somewhat unusual pairing of violin and cello (1920-1922).  Ravel openly admired Debussy for his musical achievements, but refused to accept accusations of imitating his work. As an established composer, he wrote works which gave homage to his predecessors including this Sonata, which he dedicated to Debussy's memory.

The work was a continuation of Ravel's interest in counterpoint, and he considered it a turning point, stating that in the piece "the music is stripped down to the bone. The allure of harmony is rejected and increasingly there is a return of emphasis on melody." The music was not only stripped of harmony, but Ravel stripped the traditional sonata down to merely two instruments. In doing so, difficulties arose as Ravel sought to solve the problem of balancing parts by eliminating them. This bold move was based upon Debussy's notion of "depouillement" (economy of means) and was of interest to Satie, Stravinsky, and the postwar generations of composers.

I think you will love this music too


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Commentaire français


Le dernier montage de nore série sur les concerti de Brahms  présente le double concerto. Comme je le disais dans la réflexion de la semaine dernière, ce concerto fut offert comme branche d'olivier à Joseph Joachim, afin de réparer leur longue amitié qui frappe un dur écueuil durant ces années.

Il n'y a rien d'inhabituel avec le concept d'un concerto pour deux instruments. La formule habituelle implique deux instruments identiques, comme les concertos pour deux violons de Vivaldi et Bach, les concerti pour deux claiviers de Bach et Mozart, … Toutefoism il y a des concerti pour deux instruments différents, comme le concerto pour piano et violon de Mendelssohn our celui pour flûte te harpe de Mozart, ou le concerto pour piano de Shostakovich (qui se veut en quelque sorte un concerto pour piano et trompette), ainsi qu'un tas de concerti reconstruits de Bach et Vivaldi pour violon et hautbois ou flûte.

Toutefois, il est rare d'offrir deux instrumnents concertants qui oeuvrent à des registres différents (comme c'est le cas chez Brahms) qui offrent un duel ave l'orchestre par le haut et par le bas.

Certains ont écrit que le concerto op. 102 est un produit inférieur aux trois autres; je ne partage pas cette opinion. Je dirais que c'est un concerto plus léger, mais pas nécessairement inférieur. Et la prestation de Mme Mutter et M. Meneses est particulièrement méorable. En complément de programme, issu du même CD, l'ouverture Tragique sous Karaja, un vieux routier et une voix respectée pour Brahms. Il offre une lecture dynamique de cette partition.

L'autre oeuvre majeure, dédiée également au violon et au violoncelle, est la sonate pour ces deux instruments de Maurice Ravel. Dédiée à Debussy, cette oeuvre est issue de l'après guerre (1920-22) et présente un Ravel qui explore de nouvelles idées, quelque peu minimilistes, de la musique dénudée, dépouillée des dires de MM. Ravel et Debussy.

Notons que nous reviuendrons à l'auitomne avec d'autres concerti pour deux instruments.

Bonne écoute!



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